鋁(lv)外殼加(jia)工(gong)材料(liao)鋁(lv)合(he)金是工(gong)業(ye)中應用最廣泛的一(yi)類(lei)有色金屬結構材料(liao),在航空、航天、汽車、機械制造、船(chuan)舶(bo)及(ji)化學工(gong)業(ye)中已(yi)大(da)量(liang)應用。隨著(zhu)近年來(lai)科學技(ji)術(shu)以及(ji)工(gong)業(ye)經濟(ji)的飛速發(fa)(fa)展,對鋁(lv)合(he)金的需求日益增多,。鋁(lv)合(he)金的廣泛應用促進了鋁(lv)合(he)金的各種加(jia)工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)的發(fa)(fa)展。下面就由鋁(lv)合(he)金外殼生產廠家——深(shen)圳鴻發(fa)(fa)順達(da)殼體公(gong)司(si)為大(da)家介紹一(yi)下

　　1. 內高壓成形(xing)技術

　　內(nei)高壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)技(ji)術是(shi)(shi)近(jin)年才出現的一種(zhong)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)新技(ji)術，并且是(shi)(shi)目前(qian)國際上的一個研(yan)究前(qian)沿(yan)。各(ge)種(zhong)連接(jie)件根據其(qi)結構特點，既可以用內(nei)高壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa)一次成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，也可先(xian)用一般擠壓(ya)方法(fa)制成(cheng)型材，然(ran)后用內(nei)高壓(ya)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa)矯形(xing)(xing)(xing)，通過內(nei)部加壓(ya)和(he)軸向加力補料把管坯壓(ya)入到(dao)模具型腔(qiang)使(shi)其(qi)成(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。

　　由(you)于內高(gao)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)性(xing)(xing)能優良，設(she)計的自由(you)度大，一個內高(gao)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)件(jian)可以代替由(you)幾個零(ling)件(jian)焊(han)接成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)的工件(jian)，因此避免了焊(han)接產生的扭曲和變形(xing)，具(ju)有較高(gao)的尺(chi)寸精度和力(li)學性(xing)(xing)能。其主要優點為：減輕質量(liang)、節約材料(liao)。

　　2. 精密壓鑄技術

　　鋁合金(jin)車身框(kuang)架結構(gou)的(de)連接件多用鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，所(suo)用鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造方法(fa)以半(ban)固(gu)態(tai)(tai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)等一(yi)些先進(jin)的(de)高(gao)精度壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方法(fa)為主。半(ban)固(gu)態(tai)(tai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技(ji)術目前有(you)兩種成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝：流變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝和觸變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝。前者(zhe)是(shi)將液態(tai)(tai)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)送(song)入特殊設(she)計的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)射成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機筒中(zhong)，由螺旋裝置(zhi)施加剪(jian)切使其(qi)冷卻成(cheng)(cheng)半(ban)固(gu)態(tai)(tai)漿料，然(ran)后(hou)進(jin)行壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。后(hou)者(zhe)是(shi)將固(gu)態(tai)(tai)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)粒或碎屑送(song)入螺旋壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)射成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機中(zhong)，在加熱和受剪(jian)切的(de)條件下使金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)顆粒變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)漿料后(hou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。

　　目前，國內(nei)外工(gong)業應用(yong)(yong)的(de)半固態金屬鑄造(zao)主要是指觸(chu)變鑄造(zao)，在車身框架結構中應用(yong)(yong)較多。觸(chu)變鑄造(zao)作(zuo)為一種(zhong)精密成形(xing)(xing)方(fang)法，成形(xing)(xing)后工(gong)件(jian)(jian)強(qiang)度(du)高，且能實現復(fu)雜形(xing)(xing)狀的(de)一次成形(xing)(xing)。利用(yong)(yong)它可(ke)以實現大(da)批量生產各種(zhong)無切削或極少切削的(de)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)，減少零(ling)件(jian)(jian)數(shu)量。